Portugal is one of the most renowned producers of wine in the world, but its reputation is based not on table wine, but on the fortified wines of Port and, less so, Madeira. But Portugal also produces a few excellent table wines, particularly in the north of the country. There is an eclectic mix of grape varieties, and undoubtedly the leader of the pack is the Touriga Nacional. This grape is the basis for fine Ports and the red wines of the Douro, as well as having an increasing presence in many other regions.

The regions are classified, as they are in many other European wine-producing nations, so that appropriate regulations may be laid down. The main regions are referred to as Denominaçâo de Origem Controlada (DOC).